TraceClassVisitor
class extends the ClassVisitor
class, and builds a textual representation of the visited class.
TraceClassVisitor 类
class info
第一个部分,TraceClassVisitor
类继承自 ClassVisitor
类,而且有 final
修饰,因此不会存在子类。
public final class TraceClassVisitor extends ClassVisitor {
}
fields
第二个部分,TraceClassVisitor
类定义的字段有哪些。TraceClassVisitor
类有两个重要的字段,一个是 PrintWriter printWriter
用于打印;另一个是 Printer p
将 class 转换成文字信息。
public final class TraceClassVisitor extends ClassVisitor {
private final PrintWriter printWriter; // 真正打印输出的类
public final Printer p; // 信息采集器
}
constructors
第三个部分,TraceClassVisitor
类定义的构造方法有哪些。
public final class TraceClassVisitor extends ClassVisitor {
public TraceClassVisitor(final PrintWriter printWriter) {
this(null, printWriter);
}
public TraceClassVisitor(final ClassVisitor classVisitor, final PrintWriter printWriter) {
this(classVisitor, new Textifier(), printWriter);
}
public TraceClassVisitor(final ClassVisitor classVisitor, final Printer printer, final PrintWriter printWriter) {
super(Opcodes.ASM10_EXPERIMENTAL, classVisitor);
this.printWriter = printWriter;
this.p = printer;
}
}
methods
第四个部分,TraceClassVisitor
类定义的方法有哪些。对于 TraceClassVisitor
类的 visit()
、visitField()
、visitMethod()
和 visitEnd()
方法,会分别调用 Printer.visit()
、Printer.visitField()
、Printer.visitMethod()
和 Printer.visitClassEnd()
方法。
public final class TraceClassVisitor extends ClassVisitor {
@Override
public void visit(final int version, final int access, final String name, final String signature,
final String superName, final String[] interfaces) {
p.visit(version, access, name, signature, superName, interfaces);
super.visit(version, access, name, signature, superName, interfaces);
}
@Override
public FieldVisitor visitField(final int access, final String name, final String descriptor,
final String signature, final Object value) {
Printer fieldPrinter = p.visitField(access, name, descriptor, signature, value);
return new TraceFieldVisitor(super.visitField(access, name, descriptor, signature, value), fieldPrinter);
}
@Override
public MethodVisitor visitMethod(final int access, final String name, final String descriptor,
final String signature, final String[] exceptions) {
Printer methodPrinter = p.visitMethod(access, name, descriptor, signature, exceptions);
return new TraceMethodVisitor(super.visitMethod(access, name, descriptor, signature, exceptions), methodPrinter);
}
@Override
public void visitEnd() {
p.visitClassEnd();
if (printWriter != null) {
p.print(printWriter); // Printer 和 PrintWriter 进行结合
printWriter.flush();
}
super.visitEnd();
}
}
如何使用 TraceClassVisitor 类
使用 TraceClassVisitor
类,很重点的一点就是选择 Printer
类的具体实现,可以选择 ASMifier
类,也可以选择 Textifier
类(默认):
boolean flag = true or false;
Printer printer = flag ? new ASMifier() : new Textifier();
PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(System.out, true);
TraceClassVisitor traceClassVisitor = new TraceClassVisitor(null, printer, printWriter);
生成新的类
import lsieun.utils.FileUtils;
import org.objectweb.asm.ClassWriter;
import org.objectweb.asm.FieldVisitor;
import org.objectweb.asm.MethodVisitor;
import org.objectweb.asm.util.TraceClassVisitor;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import static org.objectweb.asm.Opcodes.*;
public class TraceClassVisitorExample01Generate {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String relative_path = "sample/HelloWorld.class";
String filepath = FileUtils.getFilePath(relative_path);
// (1) 生成 byte[] 内容
byte[] bytes = dump();
// (2) 保存 byte[] 到文件
FileUtils.writeBytes(filepath, bytes);
}
public static byte[] dump() throws Exception {
// (1) 创建 ClassWriter 对象
ClassWriter cw = new ClassWriter(ClassWriter.COMPUTE_FRAMES);
PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(System.out);
TraceClassVisitor cv = new TraceClassVisitor(cw, printWriter);
// (2) 调用 visitXxx() 方法
cv.visit(V1_8, ACC_PUBLIC + ACC_SUPER, "sample/HelloWorld", null, "java/lang/Object", null);
{
FieldVisitor fv1 = cv.visitField(ACC_PRIVATE, "intValue", "I", null, null);
fv1.visitEnd();
}
{
FieldVisitor fv2 = cv.visitField(ACC_PRIVATE, "strValue", "Ljava/lang/String;", null, null);
fv2.visitEnd();
}
{
MethodVisitor mv1 = cv.visitMethod(ACC_PUBLIC, "<init>", "()V", null, null);
mv1.visitCode();
mv1.visitVarInsn(ALOAD, 0);
mv1.visitMethodInsn(INVOKESPECIAL, "java/lang/Object", "<init>", "()V", false);
mv1.visitInsn(RETURN);
mv1.visitMaxs(0, 0);
mv1.visitEnd();
}
{
MethodVisitor mv2 = cv.visitMethod(ACC_PUBLIC, "test", "()V", null, null);
mv2.visitCode();
mv2.visitFieldInsn(GETSTATIC, "java/lang/System", "out", "Ljava/io/PrintStream;");
mv2.visitLdcInsn("Hello World");
mv2.visitMethodInsn(INVOKEVIRTUAL, "java/io/PrintStream", "println", "(Ljava/lang/String;)V", false);
mv2.visitInsn(RETURN);
mv2.visitMaxs(2, 1);
mv2.visitEnd();
}
cv.visitEnd();
// (3) 调用 toByteArray() 方法
return cw.toByteArray();
}
}
修改已有的类
import lsieun.utils.FileUtils;
import org.objectweb.asm.ClassReader;
import org.objectweb.asm.ClassVisitor;
import org.objectweb.asm.ClassWriter;
import org.objectweb.asm.Opcodes;
import org.objectweb.asm.util.TraceClassVisitor;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
public class TraceClassVisitorExample02Transform {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String relative_path = "sample/HelloWorld.class";
String filepath = FileUtils.getFilePath(relative_path);
byte[] bytes1 = FileUtils.readBytes(filepath);
//(1)构建 ClassReader
ClassReader cr = new ClassReader(bytes1);
//(2)构建 ClassWriter
ClassWriter cw = new ClassWriter(ClassWriter.COMPUTE_FRAMES);
//(3)串连 ClassVisitor
int api = Opcodes.ASM9;
PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(System.out);
TraceClassVisitor tcv = new TraceClassVisitor(cw, printWriter);
ClassVisitor cv = new MethodTimerVisitor(api, tcv);
//(4)结合 ClassReader 和 ClassVisitor
int parsingOptions = ClassReader.SKIP_DEBUG | ClassReader.SKIP_FRAMES;
cr.accept(cv, parsingOptions);
//(5)生成 byte[]
byte[] bytes2 = cw.toByteArray();
FileUtils.writeBytes(filepath, bytes2);
}
}
打印 ASM 代码
import org.objectweb.asm.ClassReader;
import org.objectweb.asm.util.ASMifier;
import org.objectweb.asm.util.Printer;
import org.objectweb.asm.util.Textifier;
import org.objectweb.asm.util.TraceClassVisitor;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
/**
* 这里的代码是参考自{@link org.objectweb.asm.util.Printer#main}
*/
public class ASMPrint {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
// (1) 设置参数
String className = "sample.HelloWorld";
int parsingOptions = ClassReader.SKIP_FRAMES | ClassReader.SKIP_DEBUG;
boolean asmCode = true;
// (2) 打印结果
Printer printer = asmCode ? new ASMifier() : new Textifier();
PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(System.out, true);
TraceClassVisitor traceClassVisitor = new TraceClassVisitor(null, printer, printWriter);
new ClassReader(className).accept(traceClassVisitor, parsingOptions);
}
}
如何使用 TraceMethodVisitor 类
有的时候,我们想打印出某一个具体方法包含的指令。在实现这个功能的时候,使用 Tree API 比较容易一些,因为 MethodNode
类(Tree API)就代表一个单独的方法。那么,结合 MethodNode
和 TraceMethodVisitor
类,我们就可以打印出该方法包含的指令。
import org.objectweb.asm.ClassReader;
import org.objectweb.asm.Opcodes;
import org.objectweb.asm.tree.AbstractInsnNode;
import org.objectweb.asm.tree.ClassNode;
import org.objectweb.asm.tree.InsnList;
import org.objectweb.asm.tree.MethodNode;
import org.objectweb.asm.util.Textifier;
import org.objectweb.asm.util.TraceMethodVisitor;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.List;
public class HelloWorldRun {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String relative_path = "sample/HelloWorld.class";
String filepath = FileUtils.getFilePath(relative_path);
byte[] bytes = FileUtils.readBytes(filepath);
//(1)构建 ClassReader
ClassReader cr = new ClassReader(bytes);
//(2)生成 ClassNode
int api = Opcodes.ASM9;
ClassNode cn = new ClassNode();
int parsingOptions = ClassReader.SKIP_DEBUG | ClassReader.SKIP_FRAMES;
cr.accept(cn, parsingOptions);
//(3)找到某个具体的方法
List<MethodNode> methods = cn.methods;
MethodNode mn = methods.get(1);
//(4)打印输出
Textifier printer = new Textifier();
TraceMethodVisitor tmv = new TraceMethodVisitor(printer);
InsnList instructions = mn.instructions;
for (AbstractInsnNode node : instructions) {
node.accept(tmv);
}
List<Object> list = printer.text;
printList(list);
}
private static void printList(List<?> list) {
PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(System.out);
printList(writer, list);
writer.flush();
}
// 下面这段代码来自 org.objectweb.asm.util.Printer.printList() 方法
private static void printList(final PrintWriter printWriter, final List<?> list) {
for (Object o : list) {
if (o instanceof List) {
printList(printWriter, (List<?>) o);
}
else {
printWriter.print(o);
}
}
}
}
总结
本文对 TraceClassVisitor
类进行了介绍,内容总结如下:
- 第一点,从整体上来说,
TraceClassVisitor
类的作用是什么。它能够将 class 文件的内容转换成文字输出。 - 第二点,从结构上来说,
TraceClassVisitor
类的各个部分包含哪些信息。 - 第三点,从使用上来说,
TraceClassVisitor
类的输出结果依赖于Printer
类的具体实现,可以选择ASMifier
类输出 ASM 代码,也可以选择Textifier
类输出 Instruction 信息。